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functional block diagram ? busy and interrupt flags ? on-chip port arbitration logic ? full on-chip hardware support of semaphore signaling between ports ? fully asynchronous operation from either port ? devices are capable of withstanding greater than 2001v electrostatic discharge ? ttl-compatible, single 5v ( 10%) power supply ? available in ceramic 68-pin pga, 68-pin plcc, and an 80-pin tqfp ? industrial temperature range (C40 c to +85 c) is available, tested to military electrical specifications description: the idt7016 is a high-speed 16k x 9 dual-port static rams. the idt7016 is designed to be used as stand- alone dual-port ram or as a combination master/ slave dual-port ram for 18-bit-or-more wider systems. features: ? true dual-ported memory cells which allow simulta- neous access of the same memory location ? high-speed access military: 20/25/35ns (max.) commercial:12/15/20/25/35ns (max.) ? low-power operation idt7016s active: 750mw (typ.) standby: 5mw (typ.) idt7016l active: 750mw (typ.) standby: 1mw (typ.) ? idt7016 easily expands data bus width to 18 bits or more using the master/slave select when cascading more than one device ?m/ s = h for busy output flag on master m/ s = l for busy input on slave integrated device technology, inc. high-speed 16k x 9 dual-port static ram idt7016s/l notes: 1. in master mode: busy is an output and is a push-pull driver in slave mode: busy is input. 2. busy outputs and int outputs are non-tri-stated push-pull drivers. the idt logo is a registered trademark of integrated device technology, inc. military and commercial temperature ranges october 1996 ?1996 integrated device technology, inc. dsc-3190/2 6.13 1 i/o control address decoder memory array arbitration interrupt semaphore logic address decoder i/o control r/ w l ce l oe l busy l a 13l a 0l 3190 drw 01 i/o 0l - i/o 8l ce l oe l r/ w l sem l int l m/ s busy r a 13r a 0r sem r int r ce r oe r (2) (1,2) (2) r/ w r ce r oe r r/ w r 14 14 i/o 0r -i/o 8r (1,2) for latest information contact idts web site at www.idt.com or fax-on-demand at 408-492-8391.
6.13 2 idt7016s/l high-speed 16k x 9 dual-port static ram military and commercial temperature ranges left port right port names ce l ce r chip enable r/ w l r/ w r read/write enable oe l oe r output enable a 0l C a 13l a 0r C a 13r address i/o 0l C i/o 8l i/o 0r C i/o 8r data input/output sem l sem r semaphore enable int l int r interrupt flag busy l busy r busy flag m/ s master or slave select v cc power gnd ground using the idt master/slave dual-port ram approach in 18-bit or wider memory system applications results in full- speed, error-free operation without the need for additional discrete logic. this device provides two independent ports with separate control, address, and i/o pins that permit independent, asynchronous access for reads or writes to any location in memory. an automatic power down feature controlled by ce permits the on-chip circuitry of each port to enter a very low standby power mode. fabricated using idts cmos high-performance technol- ogy, these devices typically operate on only 750mw of power. the idt7016 is packaged in a ceramic 68-pin pga, a 64- pin plcc and an 80-pin tqfp (thin quad flatpack). military grade product is manufactured in compliance with the latest revision of mil-std-883, class b, making it ideally suited to military temperature applications demanding the highest level of performance and reliability. pin configurations (1,2) notes: 1. all v cc pins must be connected to power supply. 2. all gnd pins must be connected to ground supply. 3. this text does not imply orientation of part-mark. pin names 3190 tbl 01 3190 drw 02 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 index 19 20 21 22 987 6543 2168676665 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 v cc v cc i/o 1r i/o 2r i/o 3r i/o 4r int l gnd a 4l a 3l a 2l a 1l a 0l a 3r a 0r a 1r a 2r i/o 2l a 5l 11 10 m/ s 23 24 25 26 40 41 42 43 58 57 56 55 54 53 52 51 50 49 48 59 60 47 46 45 44 64 63 62 61 i/o 3l gnd i/o 0r v cc a 4r busy l gnd busy r int r a 12r i/o 7r i/o 8r gnd oe r r/ w r sem r ce r oe l ce l i/o 8l i/o 0l i/o 1l idt7016 j68-1 plcc top view (3) i/o 4l i/o 5l i/o 6l i/o 7l i/o 5r i/o 6r n/c a 12l n/c a 11r a 10r a 9r a 8r a 7r a 6r a 5r a 11l a 10l a 9l a 8l a 7l a 6l a 13r sem l r/ w l a 13l
idt7016s/l high-speed 16k x 9 dual-port static ram military and commercial temperature ranges 6.13 3 notes: 1. all vcc pins must be connected to the power supply. 2. all gnd pins must be connected to the ground supply. 3. this text does not indicate orientation of the actual part-marking. pin configurations (cont'd) (1,2) 3190 drw 04 51 50 48 46 44 42 40 38 36 53 55 57 59 61 63 65 67 68 66 13579 11 13 15 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 35 abcdefgh jk l 47 45 43 41 34 21 23 25 27 29 31 33 246810121416 18 19 17 56 58 60 62 64 11 10 09 08 07 06 05 04 03 02 01 52 54 49 39 37 a 5l int l n/c sem l ce l v cc oe l r/ w l i/o 0l i/o 8l gnd gnd i/o 0r v cc i/o 8r oe r r/ w r sem r ce r gnd busy r busy l m/ s int r n/c gnd a 1r index a 4l a 2l a 0l a 3r a 2r a 4r a 5r a 7r a 6r a 9r a 8r a 11r a 10r a 12r a 0r a 7l a 6l a 3l a 1l a 9l a 8l a 11l a 10l a 12l v cc i/o 2r i/o 3r i/o 5r i/o 6r i/o 1r i/o 4r i/o 7r i/o 1l i/o 2l i/o 4l i/o 7l i/o 3l i/o 5l i/o 6l a 13l a 13r idt7016 g68-1 68-pin pga top view (3) index idt7016 pn-80 tqfp top view (3) 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 58 57 56 55 54 53 52 51 50 49 48 47 46 59 60 45 65 66 67 68 79 78 77 76 75 74 73 72 71 70 69 80 i/o 2l gnd gnd a 4r busy l busy r int r int l gnd m/ s oe l nc r/ w l ce l sem l v cc nc oe r ce r r/ w r sem r gnd i/o 3l i/o 4l i/o 5l i/o 6l i/o 7l i/o 0r i/o 1r i/o 2r v cc i/o 3r i/o 4r i/o 5r i/o 8r a 12r a 11r a 10r a 9r a 3r a 2r a 1r a 0r a 0l a 1l a 2l a 3l a 4l a 6l a 7l a 8l a 9l a 10l a 11l a 12l i/o 0l 17 18 19 20 i/o 6r i/o 7r nc v cc 23 24 36 35 34 33 32 31 30 29 28 27 26 25 40 39 38 37 a 8r a 7r a 6r nc 44 43 42 41 nc a 5l nc 61 62 63 64 i/o 8l i/o 1l 3190 drw 03 nc nc nc nc nc a 5r nc nc nc 21 22 a 13l a 13r
6.13 4 idt7016s/l high-speed 16k x 9 dual-port static ram military and commercial temperature ranges capacitance (1) (t a = +25 c, f = 1.0mhz, tqfp only) symbol parameter conditions (2) max. unit c in input capacitance v in = 3dv 9 pf c out output capacitance v out = 3dv 10 pf 3190 tbl 07 truth table i C non-contention read/write control inputs (1) outputs ce ce ce ce ce r/ w w w w w oe oe oe oe oe sem sem sem sem sem i/o 0-8 mode h x x h high-z deselected: power-down l l x h data in write to memory l h l h data out read memory x x h x high-z outputs disabled note: 3190 tbl 02 1. condition: a 0l a 13l is not equal to a 0r a 13r. recommended dc operating conditions symbol parameter min. typ. max. unit v cc supply voltage 4.5 5.0 5.5 v gnd supply voltage 0 0 0 v v ih input high voltage 2.2 6.0 (2) v v il input low voltage C0.5 (1) 0.8 v notes: 3190 tbl 06 1. v il > -1.5v for pulse width less than 10ns. 2. v term must not exceed vcc + 0.5v. recommended operating temperature and supply voltage ambient grade temperature gnd v cc military C55 c to +125 c 0v 5.0v 10% commercial 0 c to +70 c 0v 5.0v 10% 3190 tbl 05 truth table ii C semaphore read/write control (1) inputs outputs ce ce ce ce ce r/ w w w w w oe oe oe oe oe sem sem sem sem sem i/o 0-8 mode h h l l data out read semaphore flag data out (i/o 0 - i/o 8 ) h u x l data in write i/o 0 into semaphore flag l x x l not allowed 3190 tbl 03 absolute maximum ratings (1) symbol rating commercial military unit v term (2) terminal voltage C0.5 to +7.0 C0.5 to +7.0 v with respect to gnd t a operating 0 to +70 C55 to +125 c temperature t bias temperature C55 to +125 C65 to +135 c under bias t stg storage C55 to +125 C65 to +150 c temperature i out dc output 50 50 ma current notes: 3190 tbl 04 1. stresses greater than those listed under absolute maximum ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. this is a stress rating only and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions above those indicated in the operational sections of this specification is not implied. exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect reliability. 2. v term must not exceed vcc + 0.5v for more than 25% of the cycle time or 10ns maximum, and is limited to < 20ma for the period of v term > vcc + 0.5v. note: 1. there are eight semaphore flags written to via i/o 0 and read from all i/o's (i/o 0 -i/o 8 ). these eight semaphores are addressed by a 0 -a 2. notes: 1. this parameter is determined by device characteristics but is not produc- tion tested. 2. 3dv references the interpolated capacitance when the input and output signals switch from 0v to 3v or from 3v to 0v .
idt7016s/l high-speed 16k x 9 dual-port static ram military and commercial temperature ranges 6.13 5 dc electrical characteristics over the operating temperature and supply voltage range (1) (v cc = 5.0v 10%) 7016x12 7016x15 test com'l. only com'l. only symbol parameter condition version typ. (2) max. typ. (2) max. unit i cc dynamic operating ce = vil, outputs open mil. s ma current sem = v ih l (both ports active) f = f max (3) coml. s 170 325 170 310 l 170 275 170 260 i sb1 standby current ce r = ce l = v ih mil. s ma (both ports ttl sem r = sem l = v ih l level inputs) f = f max (3) coml. s 25 70 25 60 l25 60 25 50 i sb2 standby current ce "a" =v il and ce "b" = v ih (5) mil. s ma (one port ttl active port outputs open l level inputs) f = f max (3) coml. s 105 200 105 190 sem r = sem l = v ih l 105 170 105 160 i sb3 full standby current both ports ce l and mil. s ma (both ports all ce r > v cc - 0.2v l cmos level inputs) v in > v cc - 0.2v or coml. s 1.0 15 1.0 15 v in < 0.2v, f = 0 (4) l 0.2 5 0.2 5 sem r = sem l > v cc - 0.2v i sb4 full standby current ce "a" < 0.2v and mil. s ma (one port all ce "b" > v cc - 0.2v (5) l cmos level inputs) sem r = sem l > v cc - 0.2v v in >v cc - 0.2v or v in <0.2v com'l. s 100 180 100 170 active port outputs open, l 100 150 100 140 f = f max (3) notes: 3190 tbl 09 1. "x" in part numbers indicates power rating (s or l). 2. v cc = 5v, t a = +25 c, and are not production tested. i ccdc = 120ma(typ.) 3. at f = f max , address and i/os are cycling at the maximum frequency read cycle of 1/t rc. 4. f = 0 means no address or control lines change. 5. port "a" may be either left or right port. port "b" is the opposite of port "a". dc electrical characteristics over the operating temperature and supply voltage range (v cc = 5.0v 10%) 7016s 7016l symbol parameter test conditions min. max. min. max. unit |i li | input leakage current (1) v cc = 5.5v, v in = 0v to v cc 105 m a |i lo | output leakage current ce = v ih , v out = 0v to v cc 105 m a v ol output low voltage i ol = 4ma 0.4 0.4 v v oh output high voltage i oh = -4ma 2.4 2.4 v note: 3190 tbl 08 1. at vcc < 2.0v, input leakages are undefined.
6.13 6 idt7016s/l high-speed 16k x 9 dual-port static ram military and commercial temperature ranges dc electrical characteristics over the operating temperature and supply voltage range (1) (cont'd) (v cc = 5.0v 10%) 7016x20 7016x25 7016x35 test symbol parameter condition version typ. (2) max. typ. (2) max. typ. (2) max. unit i cc dynamic operating ce = v il , outputs open mil. s 155 340 150 300 ma current sem = v ih l 155 280 150 250 (both ports active) f = f max (3) coml. s 160 290 155 265 150 250 l 160 240 155 220 150 210 i sb1 standby current ce l = ce r = v ih mil. s 16 80 13 80 ma (both ports ttl sem r = sem l = v ih l 16651365 level inputs) f = f max (3) coml. s 20 60 16 60 13 60 l20 50 16501350 i sb2 standby current ce "a" =v il and ce "b" =v ih (5) mil. s 90 215 85 190 ma (one port ttl active port outputs open l 90 180 85 160 level inputs) f = f max (3) coml. s 95 180 90 170 85 155 sem r = sem l = v ih l 95 150 90 140 85 130 i sb3 full standby current both ports ce l and mil. s 1.0 30 1.0 30 ma (both ports all ce r > v cc - 0.2v l 0.2 10 0.2 10 cmos level inputs) v in > v cc - 0.2v or coml. s 1.0 15 1.0 15 1.0 15 v in < 0.2v, f = 0 (4) l 0.2 5 0.2 5 0.2 5 sem r = sem l > v cc - 0.2v i sb4 full standby current ce "a" < 0.2v and mil. s 85 200 80 175 ma (one port all ce "b" > v cc - 0.2v (5) l 85 170 80 150 cmos level inputs) sem r = sem l > v cc - 0.2v v in > v cc - 0.2v or coml. s 90 155 85 145 80 135 v in < 0.2v l 90 130 85 120 80 110 active port outputs open, f = f max (3) notes: 3190 tbl 10 1. "x" in part numbers indicates power rating (s or l). 2. v cc = 5v, t a = +25 c, and are not production tested. i ccdc = 120ma(typ.) 3. at f = f max , address and i/os are cycling at the maximum frequency read cycle of 1/t rc . 4. f = 0 means no address or control lines change. 5. port "a" may be either left or right port. port "b" is the opposite of port "a". output loads and ac test conditions input pulse levels gnd to 3.0v input rise/fall times (1) 5ns max. input timing reference levels 1.5v output reference levels 1.5v output load figures 1 and 2 3190 drw 06 893 w 30pf 347 w 5v data out busy int 893 w 5pf 347 w 5v data out figure 1. ac output test load figure 2. output test load ( for t lz , t hz , t wz , t ow ) including scope and jig. note: 1. 3ns max for t aa = 12ns
idt7016s/l high-speed 16k x 9 dual-port static ram military and commercial temperature ranges 6.13 7 ac electrical characteristics over the operating temperature and supply voltage range (4) idt7016x12 idt7016x15 com'l. only com'l. only symbol parameter min. max min. max. unit read cycle t rc read cycle time 12 15 ns t aa address access time 12 15 ns t ace chip enable access time (3) 1215ns t aoe output enable access time 8 10 ns t oh output hold from address change 3 3 ns t lz output low-z time (1, 2) 33ns t hz output high-z time (1, 2) 1010ns t pu chip enable to power up time (2) 00ns t pd chip disable to power down time (2) 1215ns t sop semaphore flag update pulse ( oe or sem )1010ns t saa semaphore address access time 12 15 ns idt7016x20 idt7016x25 idt7016x35 symbol parameter min. max. min. max. min. max. unit read cycle t rc read cycle time 20 25 35 ns t aa address access time 20 25 35 ns t ace chip enable access time (3) 202535ns t aoe output enable access time 12 13 20 ns t oh output hold from address change 3 3 3 ns t lz output low-z time (1, 2) 333ns t hz output high-z time (1, 2) 121520ns t pu chip enable to power up time (2) 000ns t pd chip disable to power down time (2) 202535ns t sop semaphore flag update pulse ( oe or sem ) 101015ns t saa semaphore address access time 20 25 35 ns notes: 3190 tbl 11 1. transition is measured 200mv from low or high-impedance voltage with output test load (figure 2). 2. this parameter is guaranteed by device characterization but not production tested. 3. to access ram, ce = v il and sem = v ih . to access semaphore, ce = v ih and sem = v il . 4. "x" in part numbers indicates power rating (s or l).
6.13 8 idt7016s/l high-speed 16k x 9 dual-port static ram military and commercial temperature ranges waveform of read cycles (5) notes: 1. timing depends on which signal is asserted last, oe or ce . 2. timing depends on which signal is de-asserted first, ce or oe. 3. t bdd delay is required only in cases where the opposite port is completing a write operation to the same address location. for simultaneous read operations busy has no relation to valid output data. 4. start of valid data depends on which timing becomes effective last : t aoe , t ace , t aa, or t bdd . 5. sem = v ih . t rc r/ w ce addr t aa oe 3190 drw 07 (4) t ace (4) t aoe (4) (1) t lz t oh (2) t hz (3, 4) t bdd data out busy out valid data (4) timing of power-up / power-down ce 3190 drw 08 t pu i cc i sb t pd 50% 50%
idt7016s/l high-speed 16k x 9 dual-port static ram military and commercial temperature ranges 6.13 9 idt7016x20 idt7016x25 idt7016x35 symbol parameter min. max. min. max. min. max. unit write cycle t wc write cycle time 20 25 35 ns t ew chip enable to end-of-write (3) 15 20 30 ns t aw address valid to end-of-write 15 20 30 ns t as address set-up time (3) 000ns t wp write pulse width 15 20 25 ns t wr write recovery time 2 2 2 ns t dw data valid to end-of-write 15 15 15 ns t hz output high-z time (1, 2) 121520ns t dh data hold time (4) 000ns t wz write enable to output in high-z (1, 2) 121520ns t ow output active from end-of-write (1, 2, 4) 333ns t swrd sem flag write to read time 5 5 5 ns t sps sem flag contention window 5 5 5 ns ac electrical characteristics over the operating temperature and supply voltage (5) idt7016x12 idt7016x15 com'l. only com'l. only symbol parameter min. max min. max. unit write cycle t wc write cycle time 12 15 ns t ew chip enable to end-of-write (3) 10 12 ns t aw address valid to end-of-write 10 12 ns t as address set-up time (3) 00ns t wp write pulse width 10 12 ns t wr write recovery time 2 2 ns t dw data valid to end-of-write 10 10 ns t hz output high-z time (1, 2) 1010ns t dh data hold time (4) 00ns t wz write enable to output in high-z (1, 2) 1010ns t ow output active from end-of-write (1, 2, 4) 33ns t swrd sem flag write to read time 5 5 ns t sps sem flag contention window 5 5 ns notes: 3190 tbl 12 1. transition is measured 200mv from low or high-impedance voltage with the output test load (figure 2). 2. this parameter is guaranteed by device characterization but not production tested. 3. to access ram, ce = v il and sem = v ih . to access semaphore, ce = v ih and sem = v il . either condition must be valid for the entire t ew time. 4. the specification for t dh must be met by the device supplying write data to the ram under all operating conditions. although t dh and t ow values will vary over voltage and temperature, the actual t dh will always be smaller than the actual t ow . 5. "x" in part numbers indicates power rating (s or l).
6.13 10 idt7016s/l high-speed 16k x 9 dual-port static ram military and commercial temperature ranges timing waveform of write cycle no. 1, r/ w w w w w controlled timing (1,5,8) r/ w t wc t hz t aw t wr t as t wp data out (2) t wz t dw t dh t ow oe address data in ce or sem (6) (4) (4) (3) 3190 drw 09 (7) (9) (7) notes: 1. r/ w or ce must be high during all address transitions. 2. a write occurs during the overlap (t ew or t wp ) of a low ce and a low r/ w for memory array writing cycle. 3. t wr is measured from the earlier of ce or r/ w (or sem or r/ w ) going high to the end of write cycle. 4. during this period, the i/o pins are in the output state and input signals must not be applied. 5. if the ce or sem low transition occurs simultaneously with or after the r/ w low transition, the outputs remain in the high-impedance state. 6. timing depends on which enable signal is asserted last, ce or r/ w . 7. this parameter is guaranteed by device characterization but is not production tested. transition is measured +/-200mv from steady state with the output test load (figure 2). 8. if oe is low during r/ w controlled write cycle, the write pulse width must be the larger of t wp or (t wz + t dw ) to allow the i/o drivers to turn off and data to be placed on the bus for the required t dw . if oe is high during an r/ w controlled write cycle, this requirement does not apply and the write pulse can be as short as the specified t wp . 9. to access ram, ce = v il and sem = v ih . to access semaphore, ce = v ih and sem = v il. t ew must be met for either condition. 3190 drw 10 t wc t as t wr t dw t dh address data in ce or sem r/ w t aw t ew (3) (2) (6) (9) timing waveform of write cycle no. 2, ce ce ce ce ce controlled timing (1,5)
idt7016s/l high-speed 16k x 9 dual-port static ram military and commercial temperature ranges 6.13 11 timing waveform of semaphore read after write timing, either side (1) notes: 1. d or = d ol =v ih , ce r = ce l =v ih . 2. all timing is the same for left and right ports. porta may be either left or right port. b is the opposite port from a. 3. this parameter is measured from r/ w a or sem "a" going high to r/ w "b" or sem "b" going high. 4. if t sps is not satisfied, there is no guarantee which side will be granted the semaphore flag. timing waveform of semaphore write contention (1,3,4) sem "a" 3190 drw 12 t sps match r/ w "a" match a 0"a" -a 2 "a" side "a" (2) sem "b" r/ w "b" side "b" (2) a 0"b" -a 2 "b" notes: 1. ce = v ih for the duration of the above timing (both write and read cycle). 2. "data out valid" represents all i/o's (i/o 0 -i/o 8 ) equal to the semaphore value. sem 3190 drw 11 t aw t ew t sop i/o 0 valid address t saa r/ w t wr t oh t ace valid address data in valid data out t dw t wp t dh t as t swrd t aoe read cycle write cycle a 0 -a 2 oe valid (2)
6.13 12 idt7016s/l high-speed 16k x 9 dual-port static ram military and commercial temperature ranges busy timing (m/ s s s s s = v il ) t wb busy input to write (4) 000ns t wh write hold after busy (5) 15 17 25 ns port-to-port delay timing t wdd write pulse to data delay (1) 455060ns t ddd write data valid to read data delay (1) 303035ns idt7016x20 idt7016x25 idt7016x35 symbol parameter min. max. min. max. min. max. unit busy timing (m/ s s s s s = v ih ) t baa busy access time from address match 20 20 20 ns t bda busy disable time from address not matched 20 20 20 ns t bac busy access time from chip enable low 20 20 20 ns t bdc busy disable time from chip enable high 17 17 20 ns t aps arbitration priority set-up time (2) 555ns t bdd busy disable to valid data (3) 303035ns t wh write hold after busy (5) 15 17 25 ns ac electrical characteristics over the operating temperature and supply voltage range (6) idt7016x12 idt7016x15 com'l. only com'l. only symbol parameter min. max. min. max. unit busy timing (m/ s s s s s = v ih ) t baa busy access time from address match 12 15 ns t bda busy disable time from address not matched 12 15 ns t bac busy access time from chip enable low 12 15 ns t bdc busy disable time from chip enable high 12 15 ns t aps arbitration priority set-up time (2) 5 5ns t bdd busy disable to valid data (3) 15 18 ns t wh write hold after busy (5) 11 13 ns busy timing (m/ s s s s s = v il ) t wb busy input to write (4) 0 0ns t wh write hold after busy (5) 11 13 ns port-to-port delay timing t wdd write pulse to data delay (1) 25 30 ns t ddd write data valid to read data delay (1) 20 25 ns notes: 2940 tbl 13 1. port-to-port delay through ram cells from writing port to reading port, refer to "timing waveformof write with port-to-port read and busy (m/ s = v ih )". 2. to ensure that the earlier of the two ports wins. 3. t bdd is a calculated parameter and is the greater of 0, t wdd C t wp (actual), or t ddd C t dw (actual). 4. to ensure that the write cycle is inhibited on port "b" during contention on port "a". 5. to ensure that a write cycle is completed on port "b" after contention on port "a". 6. "x" in part numbers indicates power rating (s or l).
idt7016s/l high-speed 16k x 9 dual-port static ram military and commercial temperature ranges 6.13 13 timing waveform of read with busy busy busy busy busy (m/ s s s s s = v ih ) (2,4,5) 3190 drw 13 t dw t aps addr "a" t wc data out "b" match t wp r/ w "a" data in "a" addr "b" t dh valid (1) match busy "b" t bda valid t bdd t ddd (3) t wdd notes: 1. to ensure that the earlier of the two ports wins. taps is ignored for m/ s =v il 2. ce l = ce r = v il. 3. oe = v il for the reading port. 4. if m/ s = v il (slave), busy is an input. then for this example busy "a" = v ih and busy "b" input is shown above. 5. all timing is the same for left and right ports. port "a" may be either the left or right port. port "b" is the port opposite from port "a". timing waveform of write with busy busy busy busy busy 3190 drw 14 r/ w "a" busy "b" t wp t wb r/ w "b" t wh (1) (2) notes: 1. twh must be met for both busy input (slave) and output (master). 2. busy is asserted on port "b" blocking r/ w "b", until busy "b" goes high. 3. all timing is the same for left and right ports. port "a" may be either the left or right port. port "b" is the port opposite from port "a".
6.13 14 idt7016s/l high-speed 16k x 9 dual-port static ram military and commercial temperature ranges ac electrical characteristics over the operating temperature and supply voltage range (1) idt7016x12 idt7016x15 com'l. only com'l. only symbol parameter min. max. min max. unit interrupt timing t as address set-up time 0 0 ns t wr write recovery time 0 0 ns t ins interrupt set time 12 15 ns t inr interrupt reset time 12 15 ns waveform of busy arbitration controlled by ce ce ce ce ce timing (m/ s s s s s = v ih ) (1) waveform of busy arbitration cycle controlled by address match timing (m/ s s s s s = v ih ) (1) 3190 drw 15 addr "a" and "b" addresses match ce "a" ce "b" busy "b" t aps t bac t bdc (2) 3190 drw 16 addr "a" address "n" addr "b" busy "b" t aps t baa t bda (2) matching address "n" notes: 1. all timing is the same for left and right ports. port a may be either the left or right port. port b is the port opposite from a. 2. if t aps is not satisfied, the busy signal will be asserted on one side or another but there is no guarantee on which side busy will be asserted. note: 2739 tbl 14 1. "x" in part numbers indicates power rating (s or l). idt7016x20 idt7016x25 idt7016x35 symbol parameter min. max. min. max. min. max. unit interrupt timing t as address set-up time 0 0 0 ns t wr write recovery time 0 0 0 ns t ins interrupt set time 20 20 25 ns t inr interrupt reset time 20 20 25 ns
idt7016s/l high-speed 16k x 9 dual-port static ram military and commercial temperature ranges 6.13 15 truth table i interrupt flag (1) left port right port r/ w w w w w l ce ce ce ce ce l oe oe oe oe oe l a 13l -a 0l int int int int int l r/ w w w w w r ce ce ce ce ce r oe oe oe oe oe r a 13r -a 0r int int int int int r function l l x 3fff x xxxxl (2) set right int r flag x x x x x x l l 3fff h (3) reset right int r flag xx xxl (3) l l x 3ffe x set left int l flag x l l 3ffe h (2) xxxxx reset left int l flag notes: 3190 tbl 15 1. assumes busy l = busy r = v ih . 2. if busy l = v il , then no change. 3. if busy r = v il , then no change. waveform of interrupt timing (1) truth tables 3190 drw 17 addr "a" interrupt set address ce "a" r/ w "a" t as t wc t wr (3) (4) t ins (3) int "b" (2) 3190 drw 18 addr "b" interrupt clear address ce "b" oe "b" t as t rc (3) t inr (3) int "b" (2) notes: 1. all timing is the same for left and right ports. port a may be either the left or right port. port b is the port opposite from a. 2. see interrupt truth table. 3. timing depends on which enable signal ( ce or r/ w ) is asserted last. 4. timing depends on which enable signal ( ce or r/ w ) is de-asserted first.
6.13 16 idt7016s/l high-speed 16k x 9 dual-port static ram military and commercial temperature ranges truth table ii address busy arbitration inputs outputs a 0l -a 13l ce ce ce ce ce l ce ce ce ce ce r a 0r -a 13r busy busy busy busy busy l (1) busy busy busy busy busy r (1) function xx no match h h normal hx match h h normal xh match h h normal ll match (2) (2) write inhibit (3) notes: 3190 tbl 16 1. pins busy l and busy r are both outputs when the part is configured as a master. both are inputs when configured as a slave. busy x outputs on the idt7016 are push-pull, not open drain outputs. on slaves the busy x input internally inhibits writes. 2. "l" if the inputs to the opposite port were stable prior to the address and enable inputs of this port. "h" if the inputs to the opposite port became stable after the address and enable inputs of this port. if t aps is not met, either busy l or busy r = low will result. busy l and busy r outputs can not be low simultaneously. 3. writes to the left port are internally ignored when busy l outputs are driving low regardless of actual logic level on the pin. writes to the right port are internally ignored when busy r outputs are driving low regardless of actual logic level on the pin. truth table iii example of semaphore procurement sequence (1, 2) functions d 0 - d 8 left d 0 - d 8 right status no action 1 1 semaphore free left port writes "0" to semaphore 0 1 left port has semaphore token right port writes "0" to semaphore 0 1 no change. right side has no write access to semaphore left port writes "1" to semaphore 1 0 right port obtains semaphore token left port writes "0" to semaphore 1 0 no change. left port has no write access to semaphore right port writes "1" to semaphore 0 1 left port obtains semaphore token left port writes "1" to semaphore 1 1 semaphore free right port writes "0" to semaphore 1 0 right port has semaphore token right port writes "1" to semaphore 1 1 semaphore free left port writes "0" to semaphore 0 1 left port has semaphore token left port writes "1" to semaphore 1 1 semaphore free notes: 3190 tbl 17 1. this table denotes a sequence of events for only one of the eight semaphores on the idt7016. 2. there are eight semaphore flags written to via i/o 0 and read from all i/o's (i/o 0 -i/o 8 ). these eight semaphores are addressed by a 0 - a 2 . memory location 3fff and to clear the interrupt flag ( int r ), the right port must access memory location 3fff. the message (9 bits) at 3ffe or 3fff is user-defined since it is in an addressable sram location. if the interrupt function is not used, address locations 3ffe and 3fff are not used as mail boxes but are still part of the random access memory. refer to truth table for the interrupt operation. busy logic busy logic provides a hardware indication that both ports of the ram have accessed the same location at the same time. it also allows one of the two accesses to proceed and signals the other side that the ram is busy. the busy pin can then be used to stall the access until the operation on the other side is completed. if a write operation has been attempted from the side that receives a busy indication, the write signal is gated internally to prevent the write from proceeding. the use of busy logic is not required or desirable for all functional description the idt7016 provides two ports with separate control, address and i/o pins that permit independent access for reads or writes to any location in memory. the idt7016 has an automatic power down feature controlled by ce . the ce controls on-chip power down circuitry that permits the respec- tive port to go into a standby mode when not selected ( ce high). when a port is enabled, access to the entire memory array is permitted. interrupts if the user chooses to use the interrupt function, a memory location (mail box or message center) is assigned to each port. the left port interrupt flag ( int l ) is asserted when the right port writes to memory location 3ffe where a write is defined as the ce = r/ w = v il per the truth table. the left port clears the interrupt by an address location 3ffe access when ce r = oe r =v il , r/ w is a "don't care". likewise, the right port interrupt flag ( int r ) is asserted when the left port writes to
idt7016s/l high-speed 16k x 9 dual-port static ram military and commercial temperature ranges 6.13 17 figure 3. busy and chip enable routing for both width and depth expansion with idt7016 rams. can be initiated with the r/ w signal. failure to observe this timing can result in a glitched internal write inhibit signal and corrupted data in the slave. semaphores the idt7016 are extremely fast dual-port 16kx9 static rams with an additional 8 address locations dedicated to binary semaphore flags. these flags allow either processor on the left or right side of the dual-port ram to claim a privilege over the other processor for functions defined by the system designers software. as an example, the semaphore can be used by one processor to inhibit the other from accessing a portion of the dual-port ram or any other shared resource. the dual-port ram features a fast access time, and both ports are completely independent of each other. this means that the activity on the left port in no way slows the access time of the right port. both ports are identical in function to standard cmos static ram and can be read from, or written to, at the same time with the only possible conflict arising from the simultaneous writing of, or a simultaneous read/write of, a non-semaphore location. semaphores are protected against such ambiguous situations and may be used by the system program to avoid any conflicts in the non-semaphore portion of the dual-port ram. these devices have an automatic power-down feature controlled by ce , the dual-port ram enable, and sem , the semaphore enable. the ce and sem pins control on-chip power down circuitry that permits the respective port to go into standby mode when not selected. this is the condition which is shown in truth table where ce and sem are both high. systems which can best use the idt7016 contain multiple processors or controllers and are typically very high-speed systems which are software controlled or software intensive. these systems can benefit from a performance increase offered by the idt7016's hardware semaphores, which pro- vide a lockout mechanism without requiring complex pro- gramming. 3190 drw 19 master dual port ram busy l busy r ce master dual port ram busy l busy r ce slave dual port ram busy l busy r ce slave dual port ram busy l busy r ce busy l busy r decoder applications. in some cases it may be useful to logically or the busy outputs together and use any busy indication as an interrupt source to flag the event of an illegal or illogical operation. if the write inhibit function of busy logic is not desirable, the busy logic can be disabled by placing the part in slave mode with the m/ s pin. once in slave mode the busy pin operates solely as a write inhibit input pin. normal opera- tion can be programmed by tying the busy pins high. if desired, unintended write operations can be prevented to a port by tying the busy pin for that port low. the busy outputs on the idt7016 ram in master mode, are push-pull type outputs and do not require pull up resistors to operate. if these rams are being expanded in depth, then the busy indication for the resulting array requires the use of an external and gate. width expansion with busy logic master/slave arrays when expanding an idt7016 ram array in width while using busy logic, one master part is used to decide which side of the ram array will receive a busy indication, and to output that indication. any number of slaves to be addressed in the same address range as the master, use the busy signal as a write inhibit signal. thus on the idt7016 ram the busy pin is an output if the part is used as a master (m/ s pin = h), and the busy pin is an input if the part used as a slave (m/ s pin = l) as shown in figure 3. if two or more master parts were used when expanding in width, a split decision could result with one master indicating busy on one side of the array and another master indicating busy on one other side of the array. this would inhibit the write operations from one port for part of a word and inhibit the write operations from the other port for the other part of the word. the busy arbitration, on a master, is based on the chip enable and address signals only. it ignores whether an access is a read or write. in a master/slave array, both address and chip enable must be valid long enough for a busy flag to be output from the master before the actual write pulse
6.13 18 idt7016s/l high-speed 16k x 9 dual-port static ram military and commercial temperature ranges until the semaphore is freed by the first side. when a semaphore flag is read, its value is spread into all data bits so that a flag that is a one reads as a one in all data bits and a flag containing a zero reads as all zeros. the read value is latched into one sides output register when that side's semaphore select ( sem ) and output enable ( oe ) signals go active. this serves to disallow the semaphore from changing state in the middle of a read cycle due to a write cycle from the other side. because of this latch, a repeated read of a semaphore in a test loop must cause either signal ( sem or oe ) to go inactive or the output will never change. a sequence write/read must be used by the sema- phore in order to guarantee that no system level contention will occur. a processor requests access to shared resources by attempting to write a zero into a semaphore location. if the semaphore is already in use, the semaphore request latch will contain a zero, yet the semaphore flag will appear as one, a fact which the processor will verify by the subsequent read (see table iii). as an example, assume a processor writes a zero to the left port at a free semaphore location. on a subsequent read, the processor will verify that it has written successfully to that location and will assume control over the resource in question. meanwhile, if a processor on the right side attempts to write a zero to the same semaphore flag it will fail, as will be verified by the fact that a one will be read from that semaphore on the right side during subsequent read. had a sequence of read/write been used instead, system contention problems could have occurred during the gap between the read and write cycles. it is important to note that a failed semaphore request must be followed by either repeated reads or by writing a one into the same location. the reason for this is easily understood by looking at the simple logic diagram of the semaphore flag in figure 4. two semaphore request latches feed into a sema- phore flag. whichever latch is first to present a zero to the semaphore flag will force its side of the semaphore flag low and the other side high. this condition will continue until a one is written to the same semaphore request latch. should the other sides semaphore request latch have been written to a zero in the meantime, the semaphore flag will flip over to the other side as soon as a one is written into the first sides request latch. the second sides flag will now stay low until its semaphore request latch is written to a one. from this it is easy to understand that, if a semaphore is requested and the processor which requested it no longer needs the resource, the entire system can hang up until a one is written into that semaphore request latch. the critical case of semaphore timing is when both sides request a single token by attempting to write a zero into it at the same time. the semaphore logic is specially designed to resolve this problem. if simultaneous requests are made, the logic guarantees that only one side receives the token. if one side is earlier than the other in making the request, the first side to make the request will receive the token. if both requests arrive at the same time, the assignment will be arbitrarily made to one port or the other. one caution that should be noted when using semaphores is that semaphores alone do not guarantee that access to a software handshaking between processors offers the maximum in system flexibility by permitting shared resources to be allocated in varying configurations. the idt7016 does not use its semaphore flags to control any resources through hardware, thus allowing the system designer total flexibility in system architecture. an advantage of using semaphores rather than the more common methods of hardware arbitration is that wait states are never incurred in either processor. this can prove to be a major advantage in very high-speed systems. how the semaphore flags work the semaphore logic is a set of eight latches which are independent of the dual-port ram. these latches can be used to pass a flag, or token, from one port to the other to indicate that a shared resource is in use. the semaphores provide a hardware assist for a use assignment method called token passing allocation. in this method, the state of a semaphore latch is used as a token indicating that shared resource is in use. if the left processor wants to use this resource, it requests the token by setting the latch. this processor then verifies its success in setting the latch by reading it. if it was successful, it proceeds to assume control over the shared resource. if it was not successful in setting the latch, it determines that the right side processor has set the latch first, has the token and is using the shared resource. the left processor can then either repeatedly request that semaphores status or remove its request for that semaphore to perform another task and occasionally attempt again to gain control of the token via the set and test sequence. once the right side has relinquished the token, the left side should succeed in gaining control. the semaphore flags are active low. a token is requested by writing a zero into a semaphore latch and is released when the same side writes a one to that latch. the eight semaphore flags reside within the idt7016 in a separate memory space from the dual-port ram. this address space is accessed by placing a low input on the sem pin (which acts as a chip select for the semaphore flags) and using the other control pins (address, oe , and r/ w ) as they would be used in accessing a standard static ram. each of the flags has a unique address which can be accessed by either side through address pins a0 C a2. when accessing the semaphores, none of the other address pins has any effect. when writing to a semaphore, only data pin d 0 is used. if a low level is written into an unused semaphore location, that flag will be set to a zero on that side and a one on the other side (see table iii). that semaphore can now only be modified by the side showing the zero. when a one is written into the same location from the same side, the flag will be set to a one for both sides (unless a semaphore request from the other side is pending) and then can be written to by both sides. the fact that the side which is able to write a zero into a semaphore subsequently locks out writes from the other side is what makes semaphore flags useful in interprocessor communica- tions. (a thorough discussing on the use of this feature follows shortly.) a zero written into the same location from the other side will be stored in the semaphore request latch for that side
idt7016s/l high-speed 16k x 9 dual-port static ram military and commercial temperature ranges 6.13 19 resource is secure. as with any powerful programming technique, if semaphores are misused or misinterpreted, a software error can easily happen. initialization of the semaphores is not automatic and must be handled via the initialization program at power-up. since any semaphore request flag which contains a zero must be reset to a one, all semaphores on both sides should have a one written into them at initialization from both sides to assure that they will be free when needed. using semaphoressome examples perhaps the simplest application of semaphores is their application as resource markers for the idt7016s dual-port ram. say the 16k x 9 ram was to be divided into two 8k x 9 blocks which were to be dedicated at any one time to servicing either the left or right port. semaphore 0 could be used to indicate the side which would control the lower section of memory, and semaphore 1 could be defined as the indica- tor for the upper section of memory. to take a resource, in this example the lower 8k of dual-port ram, the processor on the left port could write and then read a zero in to semaphore 0. if this task were successfully completed (a zero was read back rather than a one), the left processor would assume control of the lower 8k. meanwhile the right processor was attempting to gain control of the resource after the left processor, it would read back a one in response to the zero it had attempted to write into semaphore 0. at this point, the software could choose to try and gain control of the second 8k section by writing, then reading a zero into semaphore 1. if it succeeded in gaining control, it would lock out the left side. once the left side was finished with its task, it would write a one to semaphore 0 and may then try to gain access to semaphore 1. if semaphore 1 was still occupied by the right side, the left side could undo its semaphore request and perform other tasks until it was able to write, then read a zero into semaphore 1. if the right processor performs a similar task with semaphore 0, this protocol would allow the two processors to swap 8k blocks of dual-port ram with each other. the blocks do not have to be any particular size and can even be variable, depending upon the complexity of the software using the semaphore flags. all eight semaphores could be used to divide the dual-port ram or other shared resources into eight parts. semaphores can even be as- signed different meanings on different sides rather than being given a common meaning as was shown in the example above. semaphores are a useful form of arbitration in systems like disk interfaces where the cpu must be locked out of a section of memory during a transfer and the i/o device cannot tolerate any wait states. with the use of semaphores, once the two devices has determined which memory area was off-limits to the cpu, both the cpu and the i/o devices could access their assigned portions of memory continuously without any wait states. semaphores are also useful in applications where no memory wait state is available on one or both sides. once a semaphore handshake has been performed, both proces- sors can access their assigned ram segments at full speed. another application is in the area of complex data struc- tures. in this case, block arbitration is very important. for this application one processor may be responsible for building and updating a data structure. the other processor then reads and interprets that data structure. if the interpreting processor reads an incomplete data structure, a major error condition may exist. therefore, some sort of arbitration must be used between the two different processors. the building processor arbitrates for the block, locks it and then is able to go in and update the data structure. when the update is completed, the data structure block is released. this allows the interpreting processor to come back and read the complete data structure, thereby guaranteeing a consistent data structure. figure 4. idt7016 semaphore logic d 3190 drw 20 0 d q write d 0 d q write semaphore request flip flop semaphore request flip flop l port r port semaphore read semaphore read
6.13 20 idt7016s/l high-speed 16k x 9 dual-port static ram military and commercial temperature ranges ordering information 3190 drw 21 a power 999 speed a package a process/ temperature range blank commercial (0 c to +70 c) b military (?5 c to +125 c) compliant to mil-std-883, class b pf g j 80-pin tqfp (pn80-1) 68-pin pga (g68-1) 68-pin plcc (j68-1) 12 15 20 25 35 commercial only commercial only s l standard power low power xxxxx device type idt speed in nanoseconds 7016 144k (16k x 9) dual-port ram

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